Norio Ohga

Norio Ohga
Born	January 29, 1930(1930-01-29) Numazu, Shizuoka, Japan
Died	April 23, 2011(2011-04-23) (aged 81) Tokyo, Japan
Nationality	Japanese
Education	Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music Berlin University of the Arts
Occupation	Businessperson, Singer (Baritone), Conductor
Organization	Sony Tokyo Philharmonic Orchestra
Known for	Sony
Spouse	Midori Matsubara

Norio Ohga (大賀典雄, Ōga Norio^?), otherwise spelled Norio Oga, (January 29, 1930 – April 23, 2011) was the former president and chairman of Sony Corporation, credited with spurring the development ^[1] of the compact disc as a commercially viable audio format.

Biography

Early career

Ohga was born in Numazu, Shizuoka.^[2] When he was a child, he suffered tuberculosis that kept him in bed for a long time during which an acquaintance taught him physics and music. As a young man, Ohga aspired to be a professional opera singer, and went on to read at the prestigious Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music, graduating in 1953. It was a highly critical letter written to the Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo KK (also known as Totsuko and later as Sony), complaining about their tape recorder’s many failings that got him noticed by Masaru Ibuka, Akio Morita and other Totsuko executives. Because of his insight in music and technology, the company hired him as a part-time consultant.^[3] He went on to study music in Munich and Berlin, where he formed a friendship with the conductor Herbert von Karajan.^[4] The young man's knowledge of sound and electrical engineering continued to be an asset to the company, and rising to become the president of CBS/Sony Records Inc. (currently Sony Music Entertainment Japan) in 1970, by the age of 40 - this was unprecedented in the history of the Japanese company.^[5]

Later career

He was made the president of Sony in 1982, and the CEO of Sony in 1989. That same year, he purchased Columbia Pictures Entertainment (currently Sony Pictures Entertainment) from the Coca-Cola Company for $3.4 billion.^[6][7]A year earlier, he acquired the CBS Records Group (currently Sony Music Entertainment) from Columbia Broadcasting System. Ohga also played a key role in establishing Sony Computer Entertainment in 1993. He supported Ken Kutaragi to develop the PlayStation as a Sony-owned console.

In 1994 he succeeded co-founder Akio Morita as Sony chairman. The next year he selected Nobuyuki Idei as the company's next president, a decision he later told author John Nathan appalled 99 out of 100 people at the company, and it led to a sweeping reorganization of the company. Indeed, Idei lasted until 2005 when he was succeeded by Howard Stringer. Idei became Co-CEO with Ohga in 1998, and sole CEO in 1999.

In 2000 he became semi-retired, staying Chairman of the Board while Idei became Executive Chairman, and on his 73rd birthday in 2003 Ohga retired from the board and became Honorary Chairman. In later years, he developed a driving ambition to conduct great orchestras.^[4][8] He died in Tokyo.

Awards

His international recognition included the Japanese Medal of Honor with Blue Ribbon (2001), Grand Cordon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure (2001) and France's Legion of Honour.^[6]

References

1. ^ http://www.artsjournal.com/slippeddisc/2011/04/father_of_the_cd_no_he_wasnt.html
2. ^ "Chairman of the Board Norio Ohga Retires as Director of Sony Corporation" (Press release). Sony Global. 28 January 2003. http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/News/Press_Archive/200301/03-003E. Retrieved 26 April 2011. 
3. ^ O'Neal, Sean (April 25, 2011). "R.I.P. Norio Ohga, Sony executive who helped invent the compact disc". A. V. Club. http://www.avclub.com/articles/rip-norio-ohga-sony-executive-who-helped-invent-th,55072. Retrieved 26 April 2011. 
4. ^ ^{a b} Lebrecht, Norman (31 May 1992). "MUSIC & DANCE : Sony's Stickman : By day, Norio Ohga runs the worldwide media and electronics giant. In the middle of the night, his thoughts turn symphonic". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/1992-05-31/entertainment/ca-1659_1_norio-ohga. 
5. ^ "Norio Ohga, former Sony president, dies". BBC News. 23 April 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-13178548. Retrieved 26 April 2011. 
6. ^ ^{a b} Sony, "Passing of Norio Ohga, Senior Advisor and former President and Chairman, Sony Corporation," April 23, 2011; retrieved 2011-08-08
7. ^ R.I.P. Norio Ohga, deadline.com
8. ^ http://www.artsjournal.com/slippeddisc/2011/04/breaking_the_black_box_man_has.html

External links

• Norio Ohga - The Independent (UK) Obituary - April 2011
• Press release on his retirement, with career timeline
• Sony chairman credited with developing CDs dies
• http://www.artsjournal.com/slippeddisc/2011/04/breaking_the_black_box_man_has.html]

Business positions
Preceded by	President of Sony Corporation 1982–1989	Succeeded by Nobuyuki Idei
Preceded by	CEO of Sony Corporation 1989–1999	Succeeded by Nobuyuki Idei
Preceded by Akio Morita	Chairman of the Board of Sony Corporation 1994–2003	Succeeded by Nobuyuki Idei
Preceded by	Honorary Chairman of Sony Corporation 2003–2011	Succeeded by

Persondata
Name	Ogha, Norio
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	January 29, 1930
Place of birth	Numazu, Shizuoka, Japan
Date of death	April 23, 2011
Place of death	Tokyo, Japan