- Nitenpyram
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"Capstar" redirects here. For the broadcasting company, see Clear Channel Communications.
Nitenpyram 
(E)-N-(6-Chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)- N-ethyl-N'-methyl-2-nitrovinylidenediamineOther namesCapstarIdentifiers CAS number 150824-47-8 UNII 3A837VZ81Y 
KEGG C18511 [ KEGG]ATCvet code QP53 Properties Molecular formula C11H15ClN4O2 Molar mass 270.72 g/mol Melting point 72 °C[1]
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Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)Infobox references Nitenpyram is an insecticide used in agriculture and veterinary medicine to kill insect external parasites of livestock and pets.[2]
In veterinary medicine, it is used orally with dogs and cats to control fleas (often under the trade name Capstar[3]). After ingestion, it begins killing fleas within 30 minutes and kills every adult flea on the pet within 4 hours. The effects of this pill are approximately 24-48 hours. Nitenpyram is safe to use on puppies and kittens as young as four weeks old so long as they weigh at least 2 pounds (0.91 kg). However, panting and excitement have been noted in cats within 2 hours of Capstar administration.
Nitenpyram is a neonicotinoid, which means that it is a neurotoxin that blocks the ability for neural messages to transmit through the central nervous system of the flea causing (almost) instant death.
It has no long-term residual activity and therefore is not effective as a longer-term flea preventative. It is usually used to kill adult fleas quickly on an infested animal to give immediate relief for a day. It is then usually followed up with some other longer-term flea preventative to prevent reinfestation. In heavily infested animals, it can cause extreme itching as the fleas die; this almost always resolves on its own.
It is often used as part of the protocol in treating environmental infestations.
External links
- Capstar website
- Freedom of Information summary (NADA 141-053), US Food and Drug Administration
References
- ^ Safety (MSDS) data for nitenpyram
- ^ Triazophos|Phoxim|Chlorpyrifos|Nitenpyram|Pyridaben|Hexaconazole-Lianyungang Liben Agro-chemical Co.,Ltd
- ^ Capstar - Novartis.com
Categories:- Veterinary drugs
- Dog health
- Cat health
- Pyridines
- Organochloride insecticides
- Nitroethenes
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