David Trimble

David Trimble
"David Trimble" redirects here. For the US politician, see David Trimble (congressman).
The Right Honourable
 The Lord Trimble
PC
First Minister of Northern Ireland
In office
6 November 2001 – 15 October 2002
Deputy Mark Durkan
Preceded by Reg Empey (Acting)
Succeeded by Ian Paisley
In office
1 July 1998 – 1 July 2001
Deputy Seamus Mallon
Preceded by Office Created
Succeeded by Reg Empey (Acting)
Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly
for Upper Bann
In office
25 June 1998 – 7 March 2007
Preceded by Constituency Created
Succeeded by George Savage
Member of Parliament
for Upper Bann
In office
2 February 1990 – 5 May 2005
Preceded by Harold McCusker
Succeeded by David Simpson
Personal details
Born 15 October 1944 (1944-10-15) (age 67)
Bangor, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
Political party Conservative Party (2007–present)
Other political
affiliations		 Ulster Unionist Party (Before 1973; 1978–2007)
Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party (1973–1978)
Spouse(s) Heather McComb (1968–1976)
Daphne Orr (1978–present)
Children 4
Alma mater Queen's University Belfast
Religion Presbyterian Church in Ireland (Presbyterian)

William David Trimble, Baron Trimble, PC (born 15 October 1944, in Belfast), is a politician from Northern Ireland. He served as Leader of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP; 1995–2005), was the first First Minister of Northern Ireland (1998–2002), and was a Member of the British Parliament (1990–2005).[1][2] He is currently a life peer for the Conservative Party. Trimble was awarded the 1998 Nobel Peace Prize, along with John Hume.

While a professor of law at Queen's University Belfast, he was elected to the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention.[2] He served as Member of Parliament for Upper Bann from 1990 until 2005. He resigned leadership of the UUP soon afterwards. In June 2006, he became a member of the House of Lords, as The Right Honourable William David Trimble by the name, style, and title of Baron Trimble, of Lisnagarvey in the County of Antrim.[3] In April 2007 he left the UUP to join the Conservative Party.[4]

In June 2010, the Israeli government appointed Lord Trimble to be one of two international observers serving on an Israeli commission of inquiry looking into the events surrounding an Israeli raid on the Mavi Marmara, along with Canadian former Judge Advocate General Ken Watkin.[5] The panel concluded both Israel’s naval blockade of Gaza and the interception of the flotilla “were found to be legally pursuant to the rules of international law”.

Contents

Early life and education

Trimble is the son of William and Ivy Trimble, and grew up in a lower-middle class Presbyterian home in Bangor on the County Down coast.[6][7] He was educated at Bangor Grammar School in Bangor, County Down (1956–63).[8]

He then studied at Queen's University of Belfast (QUB) from 1964 through 1968, winning the McKane Medal for Jurisprudence.[8] There he received a first class honours degree (the first at Queens in three years), becoming a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B).[9][10]

Early career

Academic career

Trimble qualified as a barrister in Northern Ireland in 1969. He began that year as a Queen's University of Belfast lecturer, subsequently becoming Assistant Dean of the Faculty of Law from 1973–75, a Senior Lecturer in 1977, and Head of the Department of Commercial and Property Law from 1981 through 1989.[8][11][12][13] In 1990, after becoming a member of Parliament, he resigned from the university.[8]

In 1983, as he sat in his office at the university, he heard gunshots which turned out to be those of IRA killers of Edgar Graham, a friend and fellow law professor of his.[13] He was asked to identify the body.[13] In 1994 he himself was targeted for assassination.[13]

Political career

Trimble became involved with the right-wing, paramilitary-linked Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party (known as Vanguard) in the early 1970s. He ran unsuccessfully for the party in the 1973 Assembly election for North Down, coming in last.[14] In 1974, he was a legal adviser to the Ulster Workers' Council during the successful UWC strike against the Sunningdale Agreement.[15]

He was elected to the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention in 1975 as a Vanguard member for Belfast South, and for a time he served as the party's joint deputy leader, along with the Ulster Defence Association's Glenn Barr.[16] The party had been established by Bill Craig to oppose sharing power with Irish Nationalists, and to prevent closer ties with the Republic of Ireland; however Trimble was one of those to back Craig when the party split over Craig's proposal to allow voluntary power sharing with the SDLP.

He joined the mainstream established Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) in 1978 after Vanguard disbanded, and was elected one of the four party secretaries.[10][16] He was Vice Chairman of Lagan Valley Unionist Association in 1983 through 1985, and became Chairman in 1985.[11] In 1989 through 1995, he was Chairman of the UUP Legal Committee, and in 1990 through 1996, he was Honorary Secretary of the Ulster Unionist Council.[11]

He was elected to Parliament with 58% of the vote in a by-election in Upper Bann in 1990.[16][17][18] He was one of the few British politicians who urged support for the Islamic government of Bosnia and Herzegovina during the civil war in the 1990s.

Leadership of Ulster Unionist Party

In September 1995 Trimble was unexpectedly elected Leader of the UUP, the largest party in Northern Ireland and the voice of mainstream unionism, defeating the front-runner John Taylor and three other candidates.[12][19]

A mural in Ireland supporting the Portadown Orangemen

Trimble's election as party leader came in the aftermath of his role in the Drumcree conflict, in which he led a controversial 1995 Orange Order Protestant march, amidst Nationalist protest, down the predominantly Roman Catholic Nationalist Garvaghy Road in Portadown, County Armagh.[6][12] Trimble and Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) leader Ian Paisley walked hand-in-hand as the march, banned since 1997, proceeded down the road.[20] Irish Catholics viewed it as insensitive; Protestants viewed it as Trimble sticking up for them.[12]

Trimble shortly after his election became the first unionist leader in 30 years to meet with a Taoiseach (prime minister) in Dublin.[12] In 1997, he became the first unionist leader to agree to attend negotiations with Sinn Féin since the island of Ireland was partitioned in 1922 between Northern Ireland, which remained in the United Kingdom, and the quasi-independent Irish Free State.[21]

Later, in the All Party negotiations, he led the UUP delegation and sat at the table with Sinn Féin, though in the eight months of the negotiations he never spoke directly to their leader, Gerry Adams.[6][11] The talks were successful, culminating in the Belfast Agreement of 10 April 1998, which resulted in power-sharing with Nationalists.[10][11] On 22 May 1998, the Agreement was approved by 71% in Northern Ireland.[11]

Trimble was appointed to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom in the 1998 New Year Honours.[22][23]

First Minister of Northern Ireland; Nobel Peace Prize

Trimble at first opposed the appointment of former U.S. Senator George J. Mitchell as the chairman of multi-party talks, but eventually accepted him. The talks resulted in the Belfast (Good Friday) Agreement (GFA) of April 1998.[24] Trimble was subsequently seen as instrumental in getting his party to accept the accord.[25] He backed the agreement despite opposition from more than half his parliamentary colleagues, which won him overwhelming support from London, Dublin, and Washington.[25] In a referendum, over 70% of the Northern Ireland electorate endorsed the agreement, and he later won support for his approach from his party’s ruling body.[25]

Trimble was elected on 25 June 1998 as a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly for Upper Bann.[26] On 1 July 1998 he was elected First Minister of Northern Ireland in the New Northern Ireland Assembly.[26]

Nobel Peace Prize

In October 1998, Trimble and John Hume were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts to find a peaceful solution to the conflict in Northern Ireland.[27] The Nobel Institute noted:

As the leader of the traditionally predominant party in Northern Ireland, David Trimble showed great political courage when, at a critical stage of the process, he advocated solutions which led to the [Belfast (Good Friday)] peace agreement.[27]

Arguments over the extent of Provisional Irish Republican Army decommissioning led to repeated disruptions during Trimble's tenure as First Minister. In particular:

  • The office of First Minister was suspended from 11 February 2000 to 30 May 2000.
  • Trimble resigned as First Minister on 1 July 2001 due to the continuing impasse with regard to the IRA refusing his demands that it decommission its arms, as per the commitments all parties had signed up to in section 7 pt. 3 (page 25) [28]of the 1998 Good Friday Agreement[29] but he was re-elected on 5 November 2001.
  • The Assembly was suspended from 14 October 2002 until 2007 due to accusations of an IRA spy ring being operated there (the so-called Stormontgate Affair).

In 1998, Tony Blair announced a new judicial inquiry, the Bloody Sunday Inquiry, into the killing of 14 unarmed civil rights marchers in Derry in 1972. A previous investigation, the Widgery Tribunal, into the same event had been discredited. During the debate in the House of Commons, Trimble was one of few dissenting voices. He said "I am sorry to have to say to the Prime Minister that I think that the hope expressed by the hon. Member for Foyle (Mr. Hume) that this will be part of the healing process is likely to be misplaced. Opening old wounds like this is likely to do more harm than good. The basic facts of the situation are known and not open to dispute."[30] Reporting in 2010, The Saville Inquiry confirmed that all of the 14 killings and 13 woundings were unjustified.

House of Lords; Conservative Party

At the general elections of 2005, Trimble was defeated by the Democratic Unionist Party's David Simpson in his bid for re-election to Parliament in Westminster. The Ulster Unionist Party retained only one seat in Parliament (out of 18 in Northern Ireland) after the 2005 general election, and Trimble resigned as Leader of the party on 7 May 2005.

The House of Lords meets in the Palace of Westminster

On 11 April 2006, it was announced that Trimble would take a seat in the House of Lords as a working life peer, as an appointed members of the Peerage whose title may not be inherited.[31] On 21 May 2006 it was announced that he had chosen the geographical designation Lisnagarvey, the original name for his adopted home town of Lisburn. Subsequently, on 2 June 2006, he was created Baron Trimble, of Lisnagarvey in the County of Antrim.

On 18 December 2006, he announced that he would be standing down from the Northern Ireland Assembly at the next election.[32]

Trimble was named an Honorary Patron of the University Philosophical Society, Trinity College, Dublin.

On 17 April 2007, Trimble announced he had decided to join the Conservative Party in order to have greater influence in politics in the United Kingdom.[4] At the same time, however, he stated that he did not intend to campaign against the Ulster Unionist Party, and proposed the idea of a future alliance between the Conservatives and the Ulster Unionists, similar to that which had existed prior to 1974 and the fallout of the Sunningdale Agreement. This idea became reality with the formation of Ulster Conservatives and Unionists - New Force in late 2008. It was reported that if the Conservatives won the 2010 general election, Trimble would receive a "significant" ministerial role, possibly in the Cabinet.[33] In the event, however, Trimble was not offered any governmental or front bench position following the formation of the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government.

In May 2010 when the former prime minister of Spain Jose Maria Aznar initiated and launched the "Friends of Israel Initiative," a non-Jewish international project supporting Israel's right to exist, Trimble joined him along with Peru's former president Alejandro Toledo, Italian philosopher Marcelo Pear, former United States Ambassador to the United Nations John R. Bolton, and British historian Andrew Roberts.[34]

Turkel Commission of Inquiry

Routes of Gaza-bound flotilla (green) and Israeli Navy (orange)
For more details on this topic, see Legal assessments of the Gaza flotilla raid.

On 14 June 2010, he was appointed as an observer to the Israeli special independent public Turkel Commission of Inquiry into the Gaza flotilla raid.[35][36]

The Commission investigated whether Israel's actions in preventing the arrival of ships in Gaza were in accordance with international law.[36] It focused among other things on the security considerations for imposing a naval blockade on the Gaza Strip and the conformity of the naval blockade with the rules of international law; the conformity of the actions during the raid to principles of international law; and the actions taken by those who organised and participated in the flotilla, and their identities.[36]

On the Commission were former Israeli Supreme Court Justice, Jacob Turkel, and former Technion University President, Amos Horev, as well two other members added in July 2010. (Bar Ilan University Professor of International Law Shabtai Rosenne also served on the Commission from its establishment until his death on 21 September 2010.[37]) In addition, the Commission had two foreign observers, Trimble and former head of the Canadian military's judiciary, Judge Advocate General, Ken Watkin, who took part in hearings and discussions, but did not vote on the final conclusions.[38][39] The panel, in January 2011, concluded both Israel’s naval blockade of Gaza and the interception of the flotilla “were found to be legally pursuant to the rules of international law”.[40]

Personal life

Trimble's first marriage, to Heather McComb in August 1968, ended in divorce in 1976. There were no children from his first marriage. Trimble married a former student, Daphne Elizabeth (née Orr), in August 1978, and they have two sons and two daughters (Richard, Victoria, Nicholas, and Sarah).[7] Lady Trimble served as a member of the Equality Commission for Northern Ireland, and later the Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission, before standing unsuccessfully in the UK Parliamentary election of May 2010 for the UCUNF.

Electoral history

Westminster Elections

General Election 2005: Upper Bann[41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Democratic Unionist David Simpson 16,679 37.6 +8.1
Ulster Unionist David Trimble 11,281 25.5 -8.0
Sinn Féin John O'Dowd 9,305 21.0 -0.1
SDLP Dolores Kelly 5,747 13.0 -1.9
Alliance Alan Castle 955 2.2 +2.2
Workers' Party Tom French 355 0.8 -0.2
Majority 5,398 12.2
Turnout 44,322 61.2 -9.1
Democratic Unionist gain from Ulster Unionist Swing +8.1


General Election 2001: Upper Bann[41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist David Trimble 17,095 33.5 -10.1
Democratic Unionist David Simpson 15,037 29.5 +18.0
Sinn Féin Dara O'Hagan 10,771 21.1 +9.0
SDLP Dolores Kelly 7,607 14.9 -9.3
Workers' Party Tom French 527 1.0 -0.1
Majority 2,058 4.0
Turnout 51,037 70.3 +2.4
Ulster Unionist hold Swing
General Election 1997: Upper Bann[41]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist David Trimble 20,836 43.6
SDLP Brid Rodgers 11,584 24.2
Sinn Féin Bernadette O'Hagan 5,773 12.1
Democratic Unionist Mervyn Carrick 5,482 11.5
Alliance William Ramsay 3,017 6.3
Workers' Party Tom French 554 1.2
Conservative B. Price 433 0.9
Natural Law J. Lyons 108 0.2
Majority 9,252
Turnout 47,787 67.88
Ulster Unionist hold Swing
General Election 1992: Upper Bann
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist David Trimble 26,824 59.0
SDLP Brid Rodgers 10,661 23.4
Sinn Féin Brendan Curran 2,777 6.1
Alliance William Ramsay 2,541 5.6
Conservative Collette Jones 1,556 3.4
Workers' Party Tom French 1,120 2.5
Majority 16,163
Turnout 67.4
Ulster Unionist hold Swing
Upper Bann by-election, 1990
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Ulster Unionist David Trimble 20,547 58.0 -3.5
SDLP Brid Rodgers 6,698 18.9 -1.6
Sinn Féin Sheena Campbell 2,033 5.7 -1.7
Ulster Independence Hugh Ross 1,534 4.3 N/A
Workers' Party Tom French 1,083 3.1 -1.6
Conservative Colette Jones 1,038 3.0 N/A
Alliance William Ramsay 948 2.7 -3.2
Ulster Democratic Gary McMichael 600 1.7 N/A
Green Peter Doran 576 1.6 N/A
Independent Labour Erskine Holmes 235 0.6 N/A
Social Democrat Alistair Dunn 154 0.4 N/A
Majority 13,849
Turnout 53.4
Ulster Unionist hold Swing

Northern Ireland Assembly Elections

Northern Ireland Assembly election, 2003
Party Candidate 1st Pref Result Count
Ulster Unionist David Trimble 9,158 Elected 1
Democratic Unionist David Simpson 5,933 Elected 5
Sinn Féin John O'Dowd 5,524 Elected 11
Democratic Unionist Stephen Moutray 4,697 Elected 6
Sinn Féin Dara O'Hagan 3,970 Not elected
SDLP Dolores Kelly 3,661 Elected 11
SDLP Kieran Corr 3,157 Not elected
Ulster Unionist Samuel Gardiner 2,359 Elected 9
Democratic Unionist Denis Watson 1,770 Not elected
Ulster Unionist George Savage 1,269 Not elected
Independent David Jones 585 Not elected
Independent Sidney Anderson 581 Not elected
Alliance Francis McQuaid 571 Not elected
Workers' Party Tom French 247 Not elected
Northern Ireland Assembly election, 1998
Party Candidate 1st Pref Result Count
Ulster Unionist David Trimble 12,338 Elected
SDLP Brid Rodgers 9,260 Elected
Independent Unionist Denis Watson 4,855 Elected
Sinn Féin Dara O'Hagan 4,301 Elected
Democratic Unionist Mervyn Carrick 4,177 Elected
Democratic Unionist Ruth Allen 3,635 Not elected
Sinn Féin Francie Murray 2,915 Not elected
SDLP Mel Byrne 2,687 Not elected
Alliance Francis McQuaid 1,556 Not elected
UK Unionist David Vance 1,405 Not elected
Ulster Unionist George Savage 669 Elected
Ulster Unionist Mark Neale 455 Not elected
Labour Party NI Alan Evans 439 Not elected
Workers' Party Tom French 270 Not elected
Independent Kenny McClinton 207 Not elected
Ulster Independence Brian Silcock 101 Not elected
Natural Law Jack Lyons 32 Not elected

1996 Forum

Successful candidates are shown in bold.[42]

Party Candidate(s) Votes Percentage
Ulster Unionist David Trimble
Sam Gardiner
George Savage
John Dobson
Mark Neale		 16,592 36.3
SDLP Brid Rodgers
Kieran McGeown
Patricia Mallon
Sean McKavanagh
Dolores Kelly		 9,846 21.5
Democratic Unionist Mervyn Carrick
Frederick Baird
Ruth Allen		 7,134 15.6
Sinn Féin Michelle O'Connor
Rory Harbinson
Jean Fegan
Christopher Burke		 5,620 12.3
Alliance William Ramsey
Frank McQuaid
Sean Hagan		 2,152 5.7
Progressive Unionist William Lawrie
Edward Kinner		 1,404 3.1
UK Unionist Morrison Woods
Dorothy Boyd		 886 1.9
Labour Coalition Hugh Casey
Alan Evans
William White
Mary Sheen		 512 1.0
Ulster Democratic David McCrea
John Hammond		 402 0.9
NI Women's Coalition Kate Cochrane
Chris Moffat
Lesley Doyle		 390 0.9
Workers' Party Tom French
Peter Smith		 311 0.7
Ulster Independence Edward Kidd
Gary Nelson		 180 0.4
Green (NI) Gavin McDowell
Jameshid Fenderesky
Martha Brett		 178 0.4
Democratic Partnership Adrian McKinney
Pearl Snowden		 71 0.2
Democratic Left Ciaran McClean
Martin Cullen		 36 0.1
Natural Law John Darby
Rosalind Mulholland		 14 0.0
Independent Chambers Keith Chambers
William Larmour Jr		 4 0.0

Select works

Books

Articles

Notes and references

  1. ^ "The Stormont debacle: Opinions divided on d'Hondt drama; From Portrush to Portaferry and Larne to Strabane the people of Ulster were split over the shambles at Stormont. Stephen Dunwoody assesses the mood on the streets". The News Letter (Belfast, Northern Ireland). 16 July 1999. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-60195305.html?refid=gnews_1108. Retrieved 28 June 2010. 
  2. ^ a b "David Trimble (British politician)". Encyclopædia Britannica. 15 October 1944. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/605370/David-Trimble. Retrieved 29 June 2010. 
  3. ^ London Gazette: no. 58004. p. 7793. 7 June 2006. Retrieved 21 November 2007.
  4. ^ a b "Statement by Baron Trimble, Tuesday, 17 April 2007" (Press release). David Trimble official website. 17 April 2007. http://www.davidtrimble.org/latestnews_joinstories.htm. Retrieved 17 April 2007. "Consequently I have decided to join the Conservatives." 
  5. ^ Barak Ravid, Haaretz, PMO officially announces internal Gaza flotilla raid probe panel, 14 June 2010 (accessed online).
  6. ^ a b c The Nobel Peace Prize and the .... Google Books. http://books.google.com/books?id=ny77bPwKxaUC&pg=PA323&dq=%22david+trimble%22&hl=en&ei=yGkpTNX_G8aqlAfvvvCyAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22david%20trimble%22&f=false. Retrieved 29 June 2010. 
  7. ^ a b Newsmakers. Google Books. http://books.google.com/books?id=s21VHD28o0EC&q=%22william+david+trimble%22&dq=%22william+david+trimble%22&hl=en&ei=MRopTL3gBISdlgeZoICCCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA. Retrieved 28 June 2010. 
  8. ^ a b c d "The Rt. Hon. David Trimble, Book Military Speaker The Rt. Hon. David Trimble". Tmcentertainment.co.uk. http://www.tmcentertainment.co.uk/speaker-index.html?speakerid=260&speakertypeid=6. Retrieved 30 June 2010. 
  9. ^ Dod's parliamentary companion. Google Books. 16 October 2008. http://books.google.com/books?id=yaGIAAAAMAAJ&q=%22william+david+trimble%22&dq=%22william+david+trimble%22&hl=en&ei=hBspTMjyIYKdlgfEt42CCA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEkQ6AEwBg. Retrieved 28 June 2010. 
  10. ^ a b c "Obiter Dicta" (PDF). Spring 2004. http://www.warwicklawsociety.com/obiter_dicta/obiterdicta_v4_2_2003-2004.pdf. Retrieved 30 June 2010. 
  11. ^ a b c d e f "David Trimble – Biography". Nobelprize.org. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1998/trimble-bio.html. Retrieved 29 June 2010. 
  12. ^ a b c d e The Day – Google News Archive Search
  13. ^ a b c d Daytona Beach Sunday News-Journal – Google News Archive Search
  14. ^ North Down 1973–1982, Northern Ireland Elections
  15. ^ The Routledge dictionary of modern .... Google Books. http://books.google.com/books?id=6YMTqYuvA10C&pg=PA299&lpg=PA299&dq=%22David+trimble%22+%22bangor+grammar+school%22&source=bl&ots=6fh2L53T3l&sig=HpPpZe445tXIQVoYJ8p0wJsOMjg&hl=en&ei=FSQrTLWCLYX7lweHzZSOAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=41&ved=0CMwBEOgBMCg#v=onepage&q=%22David%20trimble%22%20%22bangor%20grammar%20school%22&f=false. Retrieved 30 June 2010. 
  16. ^ a b c The Nobel Peace Prize and the .... Google Books. http://books.google.com/books?id=ny77bPwKxaUC&pg=PA323&dq=%22david+trimble%22&hl=en&ei=yGkpTNX_G8aqlAfvvvCyAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDQQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=%22david%20trimble%22&f=false. Retrieved 29 June 2010. 
  17. ^ The Tuscaloosa News – Google News Archive Search
  18. ^ London Gazette: no. 52150. p. 9691. 25 May 1990. Retrieved 21 November 2007.
  19. ^ "Ulster Protestant Party Names a Hard-Liner". The New York Times (Northern Ireland). 9 September 1995. http://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/09/world/world-news-briefs-ulster-protestant-party-names-a-hard-liner.html. Retrieved 29 June 2010. 
  20. ^ See video of march in the 1995 section here [1].
  21. ^ The Tuscaloosa News – Google News Archive Search
  22. ^ London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 54993. p. 1. 30 December 1997. Retrieved 13 November 2008.
  23. ^ "New Year Honours | Life Peers to Order of the Companion of Honour". BBC News. 31 December 1997. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/special_report/for_christmas/_new_year/new_year_honours/43509.stm. Retrieved 28 June 2010. 
  24. ^ The Deseret News
  25. ^ a b c "Key players". London: Telegraph. 25 October 2001. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1399874/Key-players.html. Retrieved 30 June 2010. 
  26. ^ a b "David Trimble – Biography". Nobelprize.org. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1998/trimble-bio.html. Retrieved 30 June 2010. 
  27. ^ a b boes.org crew. "Nobel Peace Prize 1998, John Hume and David Trimble". Boes.org. http://www.boes.org/coop/lmines/nobel98.html. Retrieved 30 June 2010. 
  28. ^ http://www.nio.gov.uk/agreement.pdf
  29. ^ "The long and arduous road to paramilitary decommissioning". Belfast Telegraph. http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/the-long-and-arduous-road-to-paramilitary-decommissioning-14345877.html. Retrieved 29 June 2010. 
  30. ^ Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster (29 January 1998). "Hansard Record of Commons Debate launching the Saville Inquiry". Publications.parliament.uk. http://www.publications.parliament.uk/cgi-bin/newhtml_hl?DB=semukparl&STEMMER=en&WORDS=trimble%20david%20bloodi%20sundai&ALL=bloody%20sunday&ANY=&PHRASE=&CATEGORIES=&SIMPLE=&SPEAKER=Trimble%20David&COLOUR=red&STYLE=s&ANCHOR=80129-07_spnew1&URL=/pa/cm199798/cmhansrd/vo980129/debtext/80129-07.htm#80129-07_spnew1. Retrieved 16 June 2010. 
  31. ^ BBC (11 April 2006). "New working life peers unveiled". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4896620.stm. Retrieved 18 April 2007. 
  32. ^ BBC (18 December 2006). "Trimble set to quit assembly seat". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/6189855.stm. Retrieved 18 April 2007. 
  33. ^ Daily Telegraph (24 July 2008). "Lord Trimble lined up as minister in Cameron government". The Daily Telegraph (UK). http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/politics/conservative/2455222/Lord-Trimble-lined-up-as-minister-in-Cameron-government.html. Retrieved 25 July 2008. 
  34. ^ "Aznar, Trimble to launch new pro-Israel project. 'Friends of Israel'". Jerusalem Post. 31 May 2010. http://findarticles.com/p/news-articles/jerusalem-post/mi_8048/is_20100531/aznar-trimble-launch-pro-israel/ai_n53871053/. Retrieved 14 June 2010. [dead link]
  35. ^ Zrahiya, Zvi (17 June 2010). "Israeli members of flotilla inquiry panel meet for first time". Haaretz. http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/israeli-members-of-flotilla-inquiry-panel-meet-for-first-time-1.296644. Retrieved 17 June 2010. 
  36. ^ a b c "Cabinet asked to approve independent public commission". Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 13 June 2010. http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Government/Communiques/2010/Cabinet_to_approve_independent_public_commission_13-Jun-2010.htm. Retrieved 17 June 2010. 
  37. ^ http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/turkel-committee-member-shabtai-rosenne-dies-at-93-1.315062
  38. ^ BBC: Gaza flotilla inquiry panel members
  39. ^ Haaretz: Who's who on Israel's committee on the Gaza flotilla raid
  40. ^ http://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/world/2011/0124/1224288164716.html
  41. ^ a b c Upper Bann ARK – Access Research Knowledge
  42. ^ 1996 Candidates – Upper Bann, Northern Ireland Elections

See also

External links

Party political offices
Preceded by
Ernest Baird		 Deputy Leader of the Vanguard Unionist Progressive Party
1975–1978
Served alongside: Glenn Barr		 Position abolished
Preceded by
James Molyneaux		 Leader of the Ulster Unionist Party
1995–2005		 Succeeded by
Reg Empey
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
Harold McCusker		 Member of Parliament for Upper Bann
1990–2005		 Succeeded by
David Simpson
Northern Ireland Assembly
New constituency Member of the Legislative Assembly for Upper Bann
1998–2007		 Succeeded by
George Savage
Political offices
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Reg Empey
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Reg Empey
Acting		 First Minister of Northern Ireland
2001–2002		 Succeeded by
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Chief Executive (1974)
First Ministers and
deputy First Ministers (2001–present)
David Trimble / Seamus Mallon  · Reg Empey (acting) / Seamus Mallon (acting)  · David Trimble / Mark Durkan  · Ian Paisley / Martin McGuinness  · Peter Robinson / Martin McGuinness  · Arlene Foster (acting) / Martin McGuinness  · Peter Robinson / Martin McGuinness  · Peter Robinson / John O'Dowd (acting)

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