- The Cliffs
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For the historic New Zealand house sometimes known as The Cliffs, see Cargill's Castle.The Cliffs
The Cliffs as it once stood
Location: East Fairmount Park near 33rd St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Coordinates: 39°58′45.8832″N 75°11′38.7276″W / 39.979412°N 75.194091°WCoordinates: 39°58′45.8832″N 75°11′38.7276″W / 39.979412°N 75.194091°W Built: 1753 Architect: Unknown Architectural style: Georgian Governing body: Local NRHP Reference#: 72001147
[1]Added to NRHP: March 16, 1972 The Cliffs is a historic country house located near 33rd and Oxford Sts. in East Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is a Registered Historic Place.
Deborah Fisher Wharton, in 1817 the year she was married.
Contents
History
The Cliffs was built in 1753 by Philadelphia merchant Joshua Fisher (1707-1783), the great-grandfather of Joseph Wharton. It overlooks the Schuylkill River from the east, just north of Girard Avenue Bridge and quite close to where Fountain Green Drive meets Kelly Drive along the river. It is a country house in the Georgian style, constructed in stone, with two stories and a basement, originally heated by double fireplaces on both floors and basement. The estate surrounding the house included a farm.
The house was the location where Benjamin Franklin's daughter, Sarah Franklin Bache, and her sewing group made clothing and bandages for the Continental soldiers during the Revolutionary War.
The Cliffs, 2006Joshua Fisher (1707-1783) settled in Lewes, Delaware, marrying Sarah Rodman, and as a young man started a hat-making business using the locally plentiful animal skins. He developed a robust transatlantic trade in animal pelts and became wealthy, moving his family to downtown Philadelphia in 1746, and building the Cliffs as a country getaway. He brought his family to the Cliffs house and farm in the summer and they grew up interested in nature, with an appreciation of the Quaker testimony of simplicity. Fisher's son Samuel Rowland Fisher, his wife Hannah Rodman Fisher, and their three children, Sarah, Deborah, and Thomas, spent their summers in the house during the years 1793-1834.
Fireplaces in north wall of The Cliffs, 2006The house remained in the Fisher family for more than 100 years until the Fairmount Park Commission purchased it in 1868. The house was rented and maintained until the 1960s when it became vacant. The house had a substantial amount of woodwork and paneling. It was taken over and repaired in the 1960s by the Shackamaxon Society, a local civic group.
Vandalism
The Cliffs house was vandalized in the 1970s and 1980s, possibly due to publicity that the Fairmount Park Commission allowed city officials to live in the park's 45 historic houses rent-free. As a result of the news stories, the Park Commission decided to charge rent, but renters could not be found for some of the houses. Those that were occupied were thereby protected and maintained. The Cliffs was unoccupied from 1970, and due to a lack of funds, neither the Park Commission nor the Shackamaxon Society could maintain it.
Fire
The Cliffs burned on February 22, 1986, due to vandalism and arson. Firefighters were unable to extinguish the fire because their heavy trucks sank in the clay earth surrounding the house. The clay had been trucked into the site in order to cover an area near the house used as a dump for refuse from various municipal construction projects.
The Cliffs, south view, March 2007.Today, what remains of the Cliffs is a shell of masonry that can only hint at its history and former glory. It is visible from the Schuylkill Expressway and the West River Drive just north of the Girard Avenue bridge in the winter months when the foliage has dropped from the trees.
The Cliffs from West River Drive, just north of Girard Ave. bridge, Feb 2007.
The Cliffs in 1931.References
- Fisher Family Papers, 1761-1889, Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
- "The Deborah Fisher Wharton Papers, 1815-1876" Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College.
- "Biographical Memoranda concerning Joseph Wharton, 1826-1909" by his daughter Joanna Wharton Lippincott.
- W. Ross Yates, Joseph Wharton: Quaker Industrial Pioneer, 1987, Lehigh University Press
- Joseph Wharton Family Papers, 1691-1962, Library of Swarthmore College, Swarthmore PA
- Article in The Evening Bulletin, November 22, 1971, on the plans to convert the Cliffs to a historic farm.
- Article in The Evening Bulletin, January 27, 1975, on the plans to restore 16 historic houses including the Cliffs.
- Article in The Philadelphia Inquirer, February 23, 1986 on the burning of the Cliffs.
- Thomas M. Doerflinger, A Vigorous Spirit of Enterprise: Merchants and Economic Development in Revolutionary Philadelphia, 1986, UNC Press.
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. 2007-01-23. http://nrhp.focus.nps.gov/natreg/docs/All_Data.html.
External links
- Fairmount Park
- List of Registered Historic Places in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Building - #72001147 in the National Register of Historic Places: http://www.nationalregisterofhistoricplaces.com/PA/Philadelphia/state2.html
- The Cliffs at the Historic American Buildings Survey
Categories:- Houses in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- National Register of Historic Places in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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